Human Research And Experimentation is a controversial subject that's ruining human life for years because of lack of proper knowledge and guidelines on the subject.
Many a crooks and thugs are pretending to be the know -alls and end -all' s of the modern day world and are trying to mimmick whatever Nazi CIA s did way back in the name of learning and controlling human mind and perfecting the weapon based systems that would ultimately lead to total "dominionship" of the world.
But these all has lead to the famous Nuremberg Trial in 1955 ,wherein the Chief Scientist of any such unethical and non-consensual human subject experimentation, was being given death sentence along with 21 others Germanyn
Also, Back in 1970 ,Church Trial was Organised to act against the infamous MKULTRA Project ,that outlawed any such provisions in future also President Nixon got impeached in 1973.The Rockefeller Commission Report was the beginning of all this .Then came Belmont Report and Helsinki Convention to specify the guidelines of any such thing, that would involve human beings and his /her biological rights .
Many a decisions has been made since then throughout the world to ban this controversial subject in the world.
UNIDIR has banned Mind control way back in 1990 and Psychotronic Law was drafted in Russia in those times. Also European Parliament Convention bans Mind Control and French Bio-ethics Commission also went against it.
Also, better HHS rules and regulations & FCC rules and regulations came into effect since then and Space Preservation Act 2001(HR 2997) and Human Subject Protection Act came into effect.
So, now the guidelines should be strictly followed for all such things and the issue needs to be addressed thoroughly and in public terms.
So, for the benefit of all here I share the required Guidelines and Norms for any such thing called Human Subject Experimentation.
Nuremberg Code :-
The Nuremberg Code is a set of research ethics principles for human experimentation
set as a result of the Subsequent Nuremberg Trials at the end of the Second World War.
The ten points of the Nuremberg Code are as follows :
1. Required is the voluntary, well-informed, understanding consent of the human
subject in a full legal capacity.
2. The experiment should aim at positive results for society that cannot be procured in
some other way.
3. It should be based on previous knowledge (like, an expectation derived from animal
experiments) that justifies the experiment.
4. The experiment should be set up in a way that avoids unnecessary physical and
mental suffering and injuries.
5. It should not be conducted when there is any reason to believe that it implies a risk of
death or disabling injury.
6. The risks of the experiment should be in proportion to (that is, not exceed) the
expected humanitarian benefits.
7. Preparations and facilities must be provided that adequately protect the subjects
against the experiment’s risks.
8. The staff who conduct or take part in the experiment must be fully trained and
scientifically qualified.
9. The human subjects must be free to immediately quit the experiment at any point
when they feel physically or mentally unable to go on.
10. Likewise, the medical staff must stop the experiment at any point when they observe
that continuation would be dangerous.
The Belmont Report is a report created by the National Commission for the Protection
of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. Its full title is the Belmont
Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research,
Report of the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and
Behavioral Research... The Belmont Report summarizes ethical principles and guidelines
for research involving human subjects. Three core principles are identified: respect for
persons, beneficence, and justice. Three primary areas of application are also stated.
They are informed consent, assessment of risks and benefits, and selection of subjects.
According to Vollmer and Howard, the Belmont Report allows for a positive solution,
which at times may be difficult to find, to future subjects who are not capable to make
independent decisions.
The three fundamental ethical principles for using any human subjects for research are:
1. Respect for persons: protecting the autonomy of all people and treating them with
courtesy and respect and allowing for informed consent. Researchers must be truthful
and conduct no deception;
2. Beneficence: The philosophy of "Do no harm" while maximizing benefits for the
research project and minimizing risks to the research subjects; and
3. Justice: ensuring reasonable, non-exploitative, and well-considered procedures are
administered fairly — the fair distribution of costs and benefits to potential research
participants — and equally. These principles remain the basis for the United States
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) human subject protection
regulations. Today, the Belmont Report continues as an essential reference for
institutional review boards (IRBs) that review HHS-conducted or -supported human
subjects research proposals involving human subjects, in order to ensure that the
research meets the ethical foundations of the regulations.
The Declaration of Geneva (Physician's Oath) was adopted by the General Assembly of
the World Medical Association at Geneva .. The Declaration of Geneva was intended as
a revision[2]of the Hippocratic Oath to a formulation of that oath's moral truths that
could be comprehended and acknowledged in a modern way.The Declaration of
Geneva, as currently published by the World Medical Association reads: At the time of
being admitted as a member of the medical profession: ·
I solemnly pledge to consecrate my life to the service of humanity; · I will give to my
teachers the respect and gratitude that is their due; · I will practice my profession with
conscience and dignity; · The health of my patient will be my first consideration; · I will respect the secrets that are confided in me, even after the patient has died; · I will
maintain by all the means in my power, the honour and the noble traditions of the
medical profession; · My colleagues will be my sisters and brothers; · I will not permit
considerations of age, disease or disability, creed, ethnic origin, gender, nationality,
political affiliation, race, sexual orientation, social standing or any other factor to
intervene between my duty and my patient; · I will maintain the utmost respect for
human life; · I will not use my medical knowledge to violate human rights and civil
liberties, even under threat; · I make these promises solemnly, freely and upon my
honor.
The Declaration of Helsinki (DoH) is a set of ethical principles regarding human
experimentation developed for the medical community by the World Medical
Association (WMA).[1] It is widely regarded as the cornerstone document on human
research ethics.[1][2][3][4] Research should be based on a thorough knowledge of the
scientific background (Article 11), a careful assessment of risks and benefits (Articles 16,
17), have a reasonable likelihood of benefit to the population studied (Article 19) and be
conducted by suitably trained investigators (Article 15) using approved protocols,
subject to independent ethical review and oversight by a properly convened committee
(Article 13). The protocol should address the ethical issues and indicate that it is in
compliance with the Declaration (Article 14). Studies should be discontinued if the
available information indicates that the original considerations are no longer satisfied
(Article 17). Information regarding the study should be publicly available (Article 16).
Ethical publications extend to publication of the results and consideration of any
potential conflict of interest (Article 27). Experimental investigations should always be
compared against the best methods, but under certain circumstances a placebo or no
treatment group may be utilised (Article 29). The interests of the subject after the study
is completed should be part of the overall ethical assessment, including assuring their
access to the best proven care (Article 30). Wherever possible unproven methods should
be tested in the context of research where there is reasonable belief of possible benefit
(Article 32).
Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals' freedom from
infringement by governments, social organizations and private individuals, and which
ensure one's ability to participate in the civil and political life of the society and state
without discrimination or repression.
Civil rights include the ensuring of peoples' physical and mental integrity, lifeand
safety; protection from discrimination on grounds such as race, gender,national origin,
colour, sexual orientation, ethnicity, religion, or disability;and individual rights such as
privacy, the freedoms of thought and conscience,speech and expression, religion, the
press, assembly and movement.
Political rights include natural justice (procedural fairness) in law, such as the rights of
the accused, including the right to a fair trial; due process; the right to seek redress or a legal remedy; and rights of participation in civil society and politics such as freedom of
association, the right to assemble, the right to petition, the right of self-defense, and the
right to vote...
CODE OF CONDUCT FOR POLICE OFFICERS1
(a) The primary duties of those who hold the office of constable are the protection of
life and property, the preservation of the Queen’s peace, and the prevention and
detection of criminal offences. To fulfil these duties police officers are granted
extraordinary powers; the public and the police service therefore have the right to
expect the highest standards of conduct from them.
(b) This Code sets out the principles which guide police officers’ conduct. It does not
seek to restrict officers’ discretion: rather, it aims to define the parameters of conduct
within which that discretion should be exercised. However, it is important to note that
any breach of the principles in this Code may result in action being taken by the
organisation, which, in serious cases, could involve dismissal.
(c) Police behaviour, whether on or off duty, affects public confidence in the police
service. Any conduct which brings or is likely to bring discredit to the police service
may be the subject of sanction. Accordingly, any allegation of conduct which could, if
proved, bring or be likely to bring discredit to the police service should be investigated
in order to establish whether or not a breach of the Code has occurred and whether
formal disciplinary action is appropriate. No investigation is required where the
conduct, if proved, would not bring or would not be likely to bring, discredit to the
police service.
Honesty and integrity
1. It is of paramount importance that the public has faith in the honesty and integrity of
police officers. Officers should therefore be open and truthful in their dealings; avoid
being improperly beholden to any person or institution; and discharge their duties with
integrity.
Fairness and impartiality
2. Police officers have a particular responsibility to act with fairness and impartiality in
all their dealings with the public and their colleagues. Politeness and tolerance
3. Officers should treat members of the public and colleagues with courtesy and
respect, avoiding abusive or deriding attitudes or behaviour. In particular, officers
must avoid: favouritism of an individual or group; all forms of harassment,
victimisation or unreasonable discrimination; and overbearing conduct to a colleague,
particularly to one junior in rank or service.
Hope this helps...
